Introducing new currencies - Central Europe
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Changing currencies
 
ALBANIAN LEK
01.07.1992 Devalued 55% and new single-tier system introduced.

BOSNIAN DINAR
08.1992 Currency introduced.

BULGARIAN LEV
03.1990 Devalued 29%, from 2.5 to 3.5 Lev/US$.
01.06.1990 Devalued 269%
19.02.1991 New level set.

CROATIAN KUNA < DINAR
12.1991 Introduced at the beginning of December as transitionary currency. Opening rate 55 to US$
01.09.1992 Fell to 195
04.10.1993 Dinar devalued 15.5%
1994 Kuna replaces Dinar as national currency. Exchange of bank notes at 1:1 000.
20.06.1994 Central Bank introduces Gold Dinar as parallel legal tender to reinforce the convertible Dinar.

CZECHOSLOVAK CROWN -> Czech Crown
controlled floating against a basket of 36.15% DM, 49.07% US$, 2.92% FF, 3.79% CHF and 8.07% ATS.
04.01.1990 Devalued 18.6%
28.12.1990 Devalued 14.25%
02.02.1993 Czech and Slovak Crown split into national currencies.
New basket introduced: 65% DM, 35% US$.

HUNGARIAN FORINT
20.03.1989 Devalued 5%.
14.04.1989 Devalued 8%.
04.12.1989 Devalued 10%.
17.01.1991 Devalued 13%.
16.03.1992 Devalued 1.9%.
09.11.1992 Devalued 1.9%.
03.1993 Devalued 2.9% Central bank vice pres. Harshegyi "To maintain the relative value of the currency against convertibles, above all the DM."
07.06.1993 Devalued by 1.9%.
08.07.1993 Devalued approx. 3%.
30.09.1993 Forint devalued 4.5%;
04.08.1994 Devalued for 5th time in 1994, by 8% to 101.04 Ft/$ (122.76 Ft/Ecu). Central Bank had advised 10% for all 1994 for reasons of stability. Already -13.8%.
13.05.1995 Devalued 9%; plans for sweeping changes to help with fiscal and current account deficits. Central Banker György Suryani said in March there would not be any large mark-down in the near future. Finance Minister Lajos Brokos - to boost exports & cap inflation.
Fixed against a basket of 50% US$, 50% DM.

MACEDONIAN DENAR
26.04.1992 Transition currency from 26.04.1992, as independent central bank is established. 3 days to convert a maximum 50 000 Yugodinars at a 1:1 rate; excess deposited and frozen for a month. Anti-inflationary programme adopted 04.92, tied to DM and assessed at a level incorporating anticipated inflation during the first stage of implementation of new economic measures.
Denar Single Legal Tender. Exchange at 1 Denar : 1 Yugoslav Dinar.
20.05.1993 Currency rebased at 100 (old) Denar = 1 (new) Denar.

POLISH ZLOTY
01.02.1988 Devalued 15.9%.
29.05.1988 Devalued 5.88%.
28.09.1988 Devalued 20%.
30.10.1988 Devalued 12.6%.
06.11.1988 Devalued 14.3%.
13.11.1988 Devalued 9.7%.
27.11.1988 Devalued 10.5%.
30.12.1998 Devalued 31.5%.
16.05.1991 Devalued 14.4%; controlled float against a basket of 45% US$, 35% DM, 10% ?Stg., 5% FF and 5% CHF.
02.1992 Devalued 10.5% against US$, 10.9% against DM. Floating against a basket consisting of US$, DM, ?, FF and Sfr.
27.08.1993 Devalued 8% against Dollar; monthly devaluation reduced from 1.8% to 1.6% to avoid one-off inflationary effect.
16.05.1995 Partly floating exchange rates. Rate of echange allowed to deviate +/-7% of 1.2% Central Bank US$ crawling peg devaluation.

ROMANIAN LEU
01.02.1990 Devalued 58.38% to 21 Lei/US$; black-market rate around 100/$. Single tier exchange rate introduced.
01.11.1990 Devalued 44%.
08.04.1991 Devalued 42%.
08.11.1991 Official rate abolished.
31.12.1992 devalued 6.5%

SLOVAKIAN CROWN
Born out of the federal currency in February 1993, stamped with a national emblem to mark it as Slovak. Economists expecting a devaluation of 30%. 
10.07.1993 Koruna devalued 9.6% against DM, 10% against US$.
13.07.1994 Nnew basket : 60%DM, 40$ USD

SLOVENIAN TOLAR
03.02.1992 Tolar devalued 19% against DM.
07.10.1992 Slovenia has started swapping Tolar 'bons' into new currency notes of 100, 500 and 1000 at rate of 1:1. Currency reserves $800m.
30.10.1992 New exchange rates quoted.
07.1995 Government announces the tolar to be fully convertible by September.
01.09.1995 Tolar becomes fully convertible.

YUGOSLAV DINAR
01.01.1990 Currency reform. 10 000 old for one New Dinar, pegged to the DM at 7:1 (devalued 8.2%) for 6 months. Citizens are free to purchase foreign currencies for dinars at official rates in banks.
19.04.1991 Devalued 31%.
27.01.1992 Devalued 80%.
13.04.1992 Devalued 57%.
01.07.1992 Devalued 85%, now known as New Dinar; exchanged at 10:1 basis.
17.09.1992 Devalued 73.3%.
17.11.1992 Devalued 73.3% from 200 D/$ to 750 D/$.
1992 Annual inflation running at 20 000%
09.04.1993 Devalued by 98.4%, from fixed rate 750 to 48 000 to the dollar.
04.1993 Devalued again.
15.06.1993 Devalued by 89.7%.
22.07.1993 Devalued by 82.45%.
18.08.1993 Devalued by 53.3%.
09.1993 Official rates suspended. Guide rate 500m New Dinar:1US$.
01.10.1993 Currency reform. The (old) Yugolav Dinar is replaced by the (new) Yugoslav Dinar at a rate of 1:1 000 000.
09.11.1993 Revalued 98.65% against the US$ & DM.
29.12.1993 Zeros removed; currency rebased.
01.10.1994 The October (old) Yugoslav Dinar is replaced by a (new) Yugoslav Dinar, at at a rate of 1:1 000 000 000.
14.01.1994 The Yugoslav New Dinar is introduced in parallel to the Yugoslav Dinar (rate established daily). It is tied to the DM at parity.
24.01.1994 Yugoslav New Dinar : Dinar rate 12 000 000.
04.02.1994 New Dinar : Dinar Rate set at 13 000 000.

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